Blood Cancer (Leukemia)

Blood cancers (leukemias) Loserai the term "white blood, which means that blood is rich in white blood cells. Characterized by an increasing number of white blood leukemia, blood cancer, are only part of. For this reason, today, and are not typical of immature white blood cells in the bloodstream is more or less based on number of "leukemic blood cancer" and "alösemik blood cancer" distinction made.

Blood cancer, a tumor disease affecting a variety of tissues, white blood cells are produced. In addition to affecting the circulating cam, the results clearly be seen in the blood of the environment. Affected cells (granulocyte-s, lymphocytes, and plasma cells retikülohistiyositler) Taking control production of blood cells and organs begin to act independently, as well as to settle in other organs and tissues can cause structural destruction.

All causes of blood cancers, such as tumors has not been clarified. But the research, which is what cancer of the blood or rights-Ida important factors in preparing the data. Provide better insights into "lökomojen factors", ie factors predisposing the blood is called the blood-ment. 'Some of the factors (for example, ionizing radiation [radiation]) is known to cause disease is certain that some of them has not been established yet. • Race, age, and gender-related factors-blood cancer, according to a new study in twenty-four countries, the death rate per 100,000 is 6. But the incidence of the disease varies from population to population, whites, more than twice as common in those from Africa and the Far East. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia has not been observed the Japanese and the Chinese, Jewish-handle it extremely common. The reason for this is unclear, but race, I'd discussed the role of environmental factors.

Correlation between age and prevalence of the disease is highly variable: the increasing prevalence of life in the top 10, the highest rate for 3-5 years, and 70-75 years of age in more frequent incidence of the disease 50 years after the feed for the second time with a peak ulaşır.Yaş between different types of the disease There is a correlation. Frequently observed in children with acute lymphocytic leukemia, acute miyeloit type are rare. Chronic forms of the disease almost never seen in childhood. Approximately equal to the rate for acute and chronic types in middle age, and in adults with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and acute leukemia miyeloit rate increases significantly. But in all types of leukemia, acute ill-trending types, others are more frequent.

In addition, disease, significantly more common in men than in women of blood cancer are controversial opinions about the importance of genetic factors. But until now could not be obtained conclusive evidence proving the importance of genetic factors. ionizing radiation - ionizing effect of the preparatory ışınınım, kanıtlanmıştır.İnsanlarda radiation experiments on humans and animals due to blood cancer cases are known for a long time. Survivors of the atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki after the studies on humans, a significant extent of radiation increases the incidence of blood cancer, blood cancer In addition to the amount of radiation to a proportional relationship between the clearly proven. Blood cancer is seen more often than other people radiologist physicians also a known fact.

Blood cancer, prepare other external factors - working for a long time under the influence of benzol miyeloit acute leukemia incidence in people, does not leave the slightest doubt benzolün way is the cause of the disease. In the case of other substances, drugs play a role in such a no precise information.

There are two types of blood cancers, including acute and chronic. These formats are also affected by the type of cell lymphocytic miyeloit and in itself divided into two. According to cell type in this classification, particularly acute forms of the disease may also be affected less frequently, other cell types. Thus, eosinophils acute blood cancer, blood cancer, and chloroma tables bazofiler occur. Here, the statement of acute and chronic clinical terms, but must emphasize that on the properties of the blood.

ACUTE BLOOD CANCERS
Onset of symptoms is a wide variety of acute blood cancer, the disease is very difficult to define the table. Nevertheless, most of the signs and symptoms of the disease, and acute blood cancer, invasive nature of the changes in the blood is half kaynaklanır.Olguların the first symptom in most of the increase in bleeding tendency (bleeding diathesis).
Of the first symptoms of common skin and mukozalardaki purpura (purplish red focus on minor bleeding) and include the gums and nose kanamalan. Bleeding may also occur in any organ. For example, the eye ağtabakası, Inner ear, teeth, brain, brain and spinal cord membrane (meninges), kidney, and idrarkesesi the digestive organs of the bleeding and lung zannda looking rastlanabilir.Ağır izfeyen fever, initially observed in one third of cases of acute blood cancer is observed in all cases .

A typical symptom of bleeding and tissue death in the mouth with the esophagus to anise Bagh (necrotic) changes. Tongue and lips dry and cracked, swollen gums, bleeding, and in the tissue death (necrosis) occurs, the size of pinhead bleeding focus on the inner buccal mucosa and palate (pe-TESI) and blood filled sacs are found; growing tonsils bleeding, purple, gray- covered with a white membrane.
Anemia seen in the later stages of the disease in each case, may not be apparent initially, but over time due to the nature of progressive weakness, dizziness, fatigue, shortness of breath, and creates a heart atışlannda acceleration.

Or more during the course of the disease at the beginning of all the tissues, spreading cancer cells may lead to destruction of various sizes. Best results are the following: in some places, especially in children osteolysis (regional bone resorption), osteoporosis (decrease in the density of bone tissue) or skeletal system, periosteum (bone outer membrane) reaction, depending on the region affected by the symptoms of the nervous system resulting in different local felçlerle, acute or From a more asymptomatic cerebral-spinal meningitis suspected leukemia Bagh irritation. Clinical symptoms of acute blood cancer last spleen, lymph node and liver enlargement is noteworthy. Enlargement of the spleen is not usually at the forefront, never seen or even 40 percent of the cases. In the same way the liver is an important part of the growth is not obvious, and the cases seen. On the other hand, lymph node enlargement in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia the head, neck and chest areas are very common.

As can be seen from these clinical signs of acute blood has a wide variety of cancers. These symptoms, at least at the beginning of the disease can be seen in one or more of the individual are taken into account to another without acute blood cancer diseases (infection in patients hklan, rheumatism hastahklan, etc.) are more likely to put antic-tınlabüeceği and false fully understood. Acute blood cancer symptoms are very light and variable if it did, that require a blood test include one or more symptoms do. Thus, the diagnosis of blood cancer, or at least suspect approached is placed on a solid foundation.

Studies
• Blood and bone marrow examination - Blood
in terms of the diagnosis and determine the type of cancer cells inevitably the most important examination of blood and bone marrow examination. Nowadays, the classification of blood cancer, blood examination of the environment is not sufficient, may be close to normal blood or uncertain environment may vary. Therefore, bone marrow, and lymph node examination is also required. Thus, cells in the blood of cancer cell type and degree of maturity can be determined.
Acute blood cancer in a variety of cell types, depending on how the same: be. This classification appears clinically impossible, the various types of cell respond differently to the same treatment, depending on how vermesiyle confirmed.
Acute blood cancer, the most important finding is unusual in blood and bone marrow cells. However, white blood cells or bone marrow cells, digital değişildik always be available.
Formations often found in cancer cells, called Au-er bodies. KesinJeştirdiği bodies as seen in this acute blood cancer diagnosis, cancer type indicates whether miyeloit.

The outcome
Blood cancers, acute and chronic forms of the disease course and termination of miyeloit and lymphocytic types vary greatly between.
But the blood findings, the patient's age, stage of disease and treatment by a variety of factors, such as, in the same cell type of blood cancer induction and termination vary accordingly. Next to the well known non-factors for the blood and blood careful consideration, quite often prevent the two error.
The first and perhaps the most common type of the disease due to blood cancer, it would be bad to accept the result of the beginning of the second, by contrast, patients with no chance of recovery expectations are not extreme cases, a long and tedious research centers oyalamaktır advanced expertise. Severe acute blood cancer, trending and bad ending, and a realistic assessment will help determine the evolution of the disease in advance is necessary to examine some of the basic data.

First of all, miyeloit acute lymphoblastic leukemia and acute leukemia is a big difference between the basis for the course of the disease should be known. The percentage of complete remission of acute lymphocytic leukemia (bone marrow and the blood return to normal table, the disappearance of all symptoms of the disease treatment), significantly higher compared miyeloit leukemias. In the same way, and the recovery period is longer than the life expectancy of acute lymphocytic leukemia.

Especially in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia drug therapy provides complete recovery of almost 100 percent. 5 years of diagnosis, even after a large-scale study, patients who have been reported. 60 percent of these patients were unprecedented, and no symptoms of disease 8-20 years after diagnosis took a normal life until the whole. But I can live for 20 years does not exceed l in percent of the cases seen.
On the other hand miyeloit acute leukemia in spite of modern treatment methods and new drugs fail to achieve positive results.

Treatment
Sensitive and subject to the power of a blood cancer treatment, proliferation, and application in the field of drugs used in more complicated because of the diversity. But other than chronic forms, a fatalistic attitude ka-bullenildiği disease situation is very different today compared to previous periods: in the progression of the disease can be kept under control for a long time, and sometimes eaten as a definite disease. New drugs in the treatment of blood cancer are great efforts all over the world. Almost every year, a new drug therapy that provides at least some progress in use. Cause not yet been developed for the treatment of blood cancer treatment today are two main types of goals: to destroy as many cancer blood cell disorder by eliminating the production of blood and blood return to normal table, bleeding, infection, prevent complications, such as frequent.

A variety of treatment possibilities available to achieve these goals it tries to destroy the cancer cell types. In addition, treatments, support the immune system disease caused by the construction and destruction of blood onanlıp tried to be prevented. Number of experiments on animals and people living with cancer cells proved to be a direct correlation between the duration of treatment are of great importance in the efforts to destroy these cells.
Sensitivity to the treatment of blood cancer disease vary depending on the cell type. The main methods of physical and hormonal therapy, and drug therapy.

• Physical therapy - in operation since 1903 and is the only treatment modality of ionizing radiation for a long time in various forms (x-ray therapy to treatment with high-energy radioactive isotopes are many and varied) in the treatment of blood cancers undergoing the most important physical yöntemdir.Hastalığın more chronic forms of ionizing radiation , but it gives positive results when applied in certain circumstances. These conditions also apply to types of acute leukemia.

• Drug therapy (chemotherapy) - Drug treatment of blood cancer treatment forms the basis of today. Acting drugs are used in many different ways. Using a combination of more than one drug tends to destroy the cancer cell more and more today, the most common treatment approach.
• Hormone therapy - group of corticosteroids in the treatment of blood cancers, there are a lot of drugs. The positive effects of these drugs are two ways Hormone origin. Stimulating the production of blood cells by acting on a special form of blood cancer, bleeding and poisoning prevention act at the level of capillaries.

CHRONIC BLOOD CANCERS
In contrast chronic blood cancer, blood cancers of different cell type acute lympho-siter, and a wide variety of formats miyeloit leads to clinical symptoms. Lymphocytic bi-grass excessive splenic enlargement is evident, the whole body, deep and superficial miyeloit format, a marked swelling of the lymph nodes at the same time. • Chronic miyeloit leukemia - Chronic miyeloit disease in an adult leukemia, is the most between the ages of 30-60, and is very rare in children under 25 years of age is absolutely exceptional. The only form of blood cancer also more common in females than males.
All forms of blood cancer is the type of the starting asymptomatic. Blood tests or check-ups during your ordinary coincidence of the patients with clinical symptoms of the disease, changes in the blood picture were to occur after 2-3 years.

The main finding of the disease, marked enlargement of the spleen and sometimes can reach extreme heights. Enlargement of the spleen is very kuşkuludur.En seen in patients diagnosed with chronic miyeloit other symptoms that occur early and often, as the spleen, stomach and digestive system caused by the growth of complaints (dyspepsia, abdominal tension and a sense of fullness, and sometimes a sense of weight and pain in the left side of the abdomen) . Systemic (general), or on the abdomen and digestive system symptoms usually occurs later. Other symptoms caused by anemia associated with these symptoms (fatigue, palpitations, shortness of breath, dizziness, etc.) or signs due to the acceleration of metabolism (eg, deterioration of the overall situation with rapid weight yitimiyle). Chronic leukemia miyeloit increase in uric acid in the blood are common. As a result, uric acid stones are formed in the kidneys, leading to episodes of pain.

• White blood cell counts - Chronic leukemia, blood, and bone marrow miyeloit The most significant feature is having general circulation in the granulocyte series immature cells. These cells have a significant formal exception. The extent of the bone marrow in the bone marrow cells are markedly increased. There is a significant increase in the number of white blood cells, but this is a great difference in several cases, even the same cases (of 15.000-500.000/mm3) shows. Very rare white blood cell count is normal or below normal, an increase in the number of white blood cells is almost a literal manifestation of the disease. Increased in absolute terms the number of white blood cells, myeloid and metamiyelositlerin consists predominantly of neutrophils and granulocytes granüloblastlar. This is the normal white blood cells in leukemia, chronic Miyelo-it has lost a degree of my formats, abnormal structure cells. Granüloblastlar showing abnormality of the bone marrow is usually Miyelo-sites as a formal weight. But in general circulation in the blood of these cells in the bone marrow as seen in all stages of formation, which is an important feature of acute blood cancers, "leukemia hiatus" in common. A finding that does not change over the period of the increase in Granüloblast all disease. On the other hand, a typical finding in patients with lalığın the beginning of the marked increase in megakaryocytes, showing a decreasing trend during the advanced stages of the disease goes down below normal. Advanced stages of the disease was regarded as the beginning of the series Eritroblast serious disorder vanr.Kemik marrow or platelets in the blood circulation sayısmda with these changes, and severe anemia develops gradually decreased.

The course of the disease is untreated chronic shows an increase in the number of white blood cells associated with all stages of development periods of exacerbation, followed by spontaneous recovery periods, the average life expectancy of 3 years. But living in the 25 percent reported in patients 5-10 years. There is a progressive growth in the spleen, anemia, and the overall situation is becoming more cachexia (weakness), arriving considerably deteriorates. Bleeding and infections can also develop at an advanced stage.
In most cases, the last stage, "acute terminal blastic crisis" develops in a table called. The sudden often, sometimes slow and can not be prevented that occur in this situation is reminiscent of the symptoms of acute blood cancer, clinical and blood.
Normal living conditions for the majority of patients present-day methods of treatment, and clinical and hematological improvement in operating efficiency can be achieved.

Chronic as well as acute blood cancer, leukemia miyeloit the guidance necessary to know in advance some of the features for kestirilebilmesi. 3.000.000/mm3 normal number of red blood cells of diagnosis or at least from a high platelet count was normal, and significantly increased the number of white blood cells (50.000/mm3 greater than) that patients usually live longer. However, the rapid development of anemia, increase in the number of immature cells and basophils, a steady advance in the growth of the spleen, lymph nodes grow and swelling of the superficial lymph nodes, radiation and drug therapy, the development of resistance, the findings indicate a bad prognosis.
Miyeloit chronic leukemia treatment, irradiation of the spleen, and / or consists of drug therapy. Due to the implementation and economic standing, drug therapy is more common today. One of the problems created by the height of the costs of treatment of blood cancer.

• Chronic lymphocytic leukemia - chronic lymphocytic leukemia, is very different from all other types of blood cancer clinical signs. The disease is very slow-trending and have no symptoms for a long time. Patients are usually lost for other reasons. This disease is distinguished from other blood cancers, cancer of lymphocytes distinguish between normal lymphocytes and customized-nozzle. The incidence increased with age, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, or a distinct condition never seen in children, Yasmin is under 40 is very rare.

• Clinical manifestations - the main clinical manifestations of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, lymph nodes, growth, splenic enlargement, increasing table of the overall situation and the blood in the form of corruption and complications of the infection.
Deep and / or superficial lymph nodes generally have grown substantially exceed the length of two-sidedly and tangerine; moving and painless, fisrülleşme seen. Enlargement of the spleen, but not as significant as chronic miyeloit leukemia, which is almost always a good general condition and blood görülür.Uzun time table breaks down gradually in the later stages of the disease. As a result of reduction in blood neutrophil antibodies and not-particularly respiratory and urinary tract infections develop. Frequently developing these complications, major factor that led to the death of patients.

• White blood cell counts - Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is the main characteristics of the blood and bone marrow, increase in white blood cells in the blood and bone marrow lymphocytes, mainly a more or less pronounced increase in lymphocytes.
100.000/mm3 usually not exceeding the increase in the white blood cells in the foreground. But the number of white blood cells in patients known to be under the normal or abnormal.

Increased the number of circulating lymphocytes, white blood cells still constitute 90 per cent-99 is a typical finding. This situation, the number of white blood cells present in normal and apparently healthy individuals is extremely significant. The majority of lymphocytes in normal lymphocytes mature, and not very different in form.
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia lymphocytes, even though they are seemingly normal form, functionally different from normal lymphocytes.

Significantly sized to be called the rule of lymphocytes in the bone marrow. As the disease progresses gradually lymphocytes proliferate and normal bone marrow tissue causes a decrease in intact tissue completely accommodated. However, granulocyte and platelet reduction of anemia seen in the general circulation.
• the course of the disease, and treatment of termination - periods of exacerbation and decline in chronic lymphocytic leukemia chronic course, in most cases progresses very slowly. The diagnosis, without any symptoms, sometimes a long time before the 10-20 or 25 years of existence and knowledge of people living with chronic lymphocytic leukemia suggesting that more slowly than previously thought. The course of the disease still should be noted that many variables. Characterized by frequent and moderate forms of the disease, as well as benign and malignant chronic lymphocytic leukemia are also known.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia in advanced age is often benign, asymptomatic for many years may present a moderate growth in the lymph nodes, spleen enlargement were not observed at all times, the overall situation dominated by goodness and lymphocyte white blood cells that appear normal except for the increase in blood on the table, a benign form of the disease-specific findings. The spleen and lymph nodes of the rapid growth of a malignant forms, starting with the first phase, high fever, rapid deterioration in the general case, shows a reduction in early anemia and platelet sayısmda. But this rapid growth, malignant disease itself, rather than being diagnosed, the disease can be explained later.
Termination determination of blood loss information is very important. Severe anemia, platelet and granulocyte sayılannm fall, should be evaluated carefully to verilerdir.Kronik lymphoblastic leukemia, radiation therapy and drug therapy in the spleen occurs. Outpatient drug treatment can be applied more frequently referenced today.

Hyelofibrol
Anemia is a disorder resulting from the growth of liver and spleen extreme sizes. Miyeloskleroz the etiology of this disease is also called or osteomiyeloskleroz. Myelofibrosis, another group of rare diseases (polycythemia, tronıbositemi [greatly increased circulating platelet-s disease will reach millions mnp'te]) with myeloproliferative (bone marrow histologic or cellular proliferation) diseases. Miyeloflbrozda, bone marrow tissue, connective tissue leaves its place. Thus, bone marrow cell tissue gradually decreases. In this case, the body, the blood, such as construction as the mother is in my blood, spleen loads.

• Symptoms - The most basic and typical finding is drastic proportions (3-4 kg) that can reach the enlargement of the spleen, progressive anemia, severe pain in addition to these findings can also be seen from time to time. Typical signs of blood, even blood, bone marrow biopsy bone marrow tissue, and generally been found important. This situation, "dry puncture" is called. Environmental blood, the example, the main cells of immature granulocytes, giant platelets, and in particular anizopoikilositoz cases (red blood cells are very different in terms of shape and volume) is displayed.

• the outcome and treatment - Disease gidişlidrr very slowly, over 10 years have been reported. The most effective way to stimulate the production of red blood cells and spleen has given high doses of testosterone flood of low doses of radiation application part, forms the basis of treatment. In some cases, removal of the spleen may be required.

For humans with leukemia Morale Need to Know

Toxic substances or drug How is the diagnosis of a blood disease?

Reply
Blood disease diagnosis is based on laboratory data. This disease is caused by a drug or substance is more difficult to determine get out. Tamsin blood disease due to drug intake is usually placed after the other possibilities are eliminated. Depending on the type of blood disease, the cam effect of drugs that are toxic for substances which, immediately before the onset of symptoms is very important to determine not taken or was taken.

Question

Blood is always detectable disease causing agents?

Reply
It is sometimes very difficult to detect. The drugs used in the near term, even forgettable. Moreover, the emergence of symptoms may be caused by medications used several months ago. Some of the toxic substances may be taken into the body of the patient without even noticing. Kuşkulanınca a blood disease due to persistent toxic substances physician tries to learn drugs used and the patient carefully evaluate your resume.

Question

Blood disease may be diagnosed through laboratory tests due to drugs?

Reply
There are a number of laboratory tests for blood to uncover disease. These are largely composed of the general blood tests. This is a normal examinations, as well as more specific tests can be performed. The diagnosis value depends on the type of reaction and particularly anemia due to destruction of red blood cells is high. But the lack of platelets and white blood cells in patients with partially useful, making all the blood cells are not very useful due to the decrease in anemia.

Blood Cancer (Leukemia)